THE EARLY LODGES IN HAWAII & SOME

              PROMINENT BRETHREN OF THAT BYGONE ERA

By Herbert G. Gardiner PGS,

Grand Historian

Grand Lodge of Hawaii

 

 

Honolulu, Hawaii

September 2003

 

 

     The  early  Masonic  Lodges in Hawaii descended from France,

California, and Scotland

      Freemasonry  was  formally  established  in  Hawaii  by the

A.A.S.R.,   Supreme   Council  of  France  during  the  reign  of

Kamehameha  III  (Kauikeaouli).  At  the  time the Island Kingdom

was  occupied  by British Forces under the command of Lord George

Paulet  of  HMS  "Carysfort."  The  Hawaiian Flag was replaced by

the  Union  Jack  which  flew  over the Islands from February 25,

1843, until July 31, 1843.

     On  April  8,  1843,  during  this  uneasy period of British

occupation  Joseph-Marie  Le Tellier constituted Lodge Le Progres

de  l'Oceanie  under  the  auspices  of  the  Ancient &  Accepted

Scottish  Rite  of  the  Supreme  Council  of France in the store

of  Jules  Dudoit,  who  was  the  French Consul at the time.  Le

Tellier  was  the  Captain of the French Whaler "Ajax" and sailed

it  into  Honolulu  to have major repair work done on the vessel.

This  was  the  first  Masonic Lodge to be constituted in Hawaii.

In  1905,  Lodge Le Progres de'Oceanie transferred its allegiance

to the Grand Lodge of California.

  

   At  this  point  it  seems  appropriate  to  correct some past

claims  about   early  Freemasonry  in Hawaii and the founding of

Lodge le Progres de l'Oceanie.

      Through  the  years  there  have been stories claiming that

James  Cook  the  famous  British  Explorer   who  was  the first

Westerner  according  to  most accounts, to discover the Hawaiian

Islands was a Freemason. The United Grand Lodge of England (UGLE)

has  never  confirmed  this  assertion. The UGLE has traced their

records  back  through  the  18th  Century and advised us nothing

has   ever  been  found   indicating  that  Captain  Cook  was  a

Freemason.

      Some  earlier  publications  about   Lodge  Le  Progres  de

l'Oceanie  indicate  the  Lodge was constituted aboard the French

Whaler  "Ajax"  by  Captain Le Tellier. Recent extensive research

has  revealed  that the Lodge was constituted by him in the Store

of Jules Dudoit  as indicated in the above.

      It  has  been  assumed  by some brethren and understandably

so, that Le Tellier was the first Master of the Lodge he founded,

or  certainly  a  charter  member. Once again recent research has

revealed  that  although  Le  Tellier  founded Lodge Le Progre de

l'Oceanie, odd as it may seem he never became a member.

 

      Hawaiian Lodge No. 21 Free & Accepted Masons was the second

Lodge  to  be  established  in  Hawaii.  It was Chartered  by the

Grand  Lodge  of  California  on  May  5, 1852, and was the first

Lodge in Hawaii to descend from an American Grand Lodge. Hawaiian

Lodge  is  the  oldest  Lodge in the Hawaii Jurisdiction that has

operated  continuously,  with  no  interrupted  periods since its

inception.

     The  first  Lodge  established   on  the  Island of Maui was

Charted  by  the Grand Lodge of California as Maui Lodge No. 223,

in  1872.  The  Lodge  prospered   for  a  few years but in 1877,

surrendered its  Charter due to a lack  participation.

     In  1904,  the  Brethren  on  the  Island of Maui once again

sought  to  establish  a  Lodge  on the Island. An inquiry to the

Grand  lodge  of  California  did  not  elicit much encouragement

so  the  Brethren   contacted  Henry Ernest Cooper Past Master of

Hawaiian  Lodge   and  founder  of Pacific Lodge No.822 under the

Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland,  for  recommendations. It appers that

Cooper  was  the   Representative  of the Grand Lodge of Scotland

in  Hawaii  at  the  time.  As a result, on February 2, 1905, the

Grand  Lodge of Scotland Chartered Lodge Maui No. 984 in Wailuku,

Maui.   In  1918,  the  Lodge  transferred  its allegiance to the

Grand  Lodge of California.

 

      Pacific  Lodge  No.  822  was organized by dispensation  on

January  4, 1895, through the District Grand Lodge of Queensland,

Australia  (Scottish Constitution) and was Chartered by the Grand

Lodge  of  Scotland  on  August  1,  1895. In 1910, Pacific Lodge

transferred  its  allegiance  to  the  Grand  Lodge of California

and became Honolulu Lodge 409.

 

      Neither   Lodge  Le  Progres  de  l'Oceanie, Hawaiian Lodge

nor  the Scottish Rite Bodies were involved in the power politics

of  the  1890s  and  remained  aloof from the political intrigues

of the annexationists and the royalists associated with  deposing

Queen  Liluokalani.  However,  there  were some brethren who were

active participants in one camp or the other.

   The  role  of    some  of  the  brethren in both the political

and  military  activities  beginning  shortly  before January 17,

1893,  when  Queen  Liliuokalani  was deposed, and the annexation

by  the  United  States  on August 12, 1898, is a story in itself

and beyond the scope of this paper.

   

   On  July  20,  1989,  146  years  after  the  establishment of

Freemasonry  in  the  Sandwich Islands, and with the full support

of  the  Grand   Lodge  of  California,  the twelve Hawaii Lodges

constituted  the  Grand   Lodge  of Free & Accepted Masons of the

State of Hawaii. 

         

            SOME PROMINENT BRETHREN OF BYGONE TIMES

 

   Prince Lot, Kamehameha V,  1830-1872

Prince  Lot  was the first native Hawaiian to become a Freemason.

He  became  a  Master  Mason  in Hawaiian Lodge No.21 F&AM in May

1853.

 

   Prince Alexander Liholiho, Kamehameha IV, 1834-1863

King  Kamehameha  IV  became  a  Master Mason in Lodge Le Progres

de  l'Oceanie  No.  124  A.A.S.R. in  December 1856. He served as

Worshipful Master in 1859, 1861 and 1862.

 

  King David Kalakaua, 1836-1891

King  David  Kalakaua  became  a Master Mason in Lodge le Progres

de  l'Oceanie  No.  124  A.A.S.R.  in  January 1859. He served as

Worshipful Master in 1876, shortly after he was elected King.

 

  Prince William Pitt,  1855-1877

Prince  William  Pitt  Leleiohoku  Kalahoolewa  brother  of David

Kalakaua  and  Liliuokalani  (Mrs. John Dominis)  became a Master

Mason  in  Hawaiian Lodge No. 21 F& AM in June 1874. He was named

heir  to  the  throne by King Kalakaua, but unfortunately he died

of  pneumonia  at  the age of 22. As a consequence the King named

Liliuokalani heir to the throne of Hawaii.

 

   Prince David Kawananakoa,  1868-1908

Prince  David  Laamea  Kawananakoa nephew of King Kalakaua became

a  Master  Mason  in  Lodge  Le Progres de l'Oceanie A.A.S.R.  in

August  1900.  David was very well educated, he attended  schools

in  Hawaii,  the  United  States  and England. He became involved

in  politics  for  a  brief period and was active in the Democrat

Party, but never held an elective office.

 

   John Dominis,  1832-1891

John  Owen  Dominis  Consort  of  Queen Liliuokalani and Governor

of  Oahu  became  a Master Mason in Lodge Le Progres de l'Oceanie

No.  124  A.A.S.R.,  in  April  1858.  He served as Master of the

Lodge  in 1863, 1864, and 1868. Dominis  served as General Legate

and  Deputy  of  the  Supreme  Council  for the Hawaiian Kingdom.

As  a  practical  matter,  he served  as the Deputy of the Hawaii

Scottish Rite Bodies from 1874-1891.

   Dominis  served  as  chamberlain  and  secretary to Kamehameha

IV,  and was appointed Governor of Oahu and Commissioner of Crown

Lands  by  Kamehameha  V.  John  Dominis  died seven months after

his  wife  Liliuokalani  became  Queen  of  Hawaii.  He tended to

exercise   restraint  over  his  somewhat headstrong wife, and it

is  thought  by  some  historians  that  had  he lived during the

critical periods of her reign, the total downfall of the Hawaiian

Monarchy  might have been averted.

 

   Archibald Cleghorn, 1835-1910

Archibald  Scott  Cleghorn  the husband of Princess Miriam Kapili

younger  sister  of King Kalakaua and father of Princess Victoria

Kaiulani,  succeeded  John  Dominis  as  Governor of Oahu, became

a  Master  Mason in Hawaiian Lodge No.21 F & AM in December 1873.

He  was  an  active  member  of  Hawaiian  Lodge  and served as a

Trustee  from  1882- 1895.  Cleghorn  was a highly valued advisor

to the Hawaiian Monarchy  for a great many years.

 

    Curtis Iaukea,  1855-1940

Curtis  Piehu  Iaukea  became  a  Master  Mason  in Pacific Lodge

No.  822  (Later Honolulu Lodge). He served the Hawaiian Monarchy

as  a  highly  competent  One-man Diplomatic Corps and except for

King  Kalakaua  was  the  most  traveled  member  of the Hawaiian

Kingdom.  Curtiss  Iaukea  was  one  of the most decorated men in

the   entire  history  of  Hawaii.  During his illustrious career

Curtis  Iaukea  served  as  Secretary of Foreign Affairs, Special

Envoy  to  the  Coronation  of  Czar  Alexander III of Russia, he

accompanied  Queen  Kapiolani  to  the  United  States and served

as  her  interpreter  with  President  and  Mrs. Grover Cleveland

and  also  at  the  Golden  Jubilee  of  Queen Victoria in London

in  1887.  Some  years  later  Curtis  Iaukea attended Victoria's

Diamond  Jubilee  with representatives of the Republic of Hawaii.

During  his  lifetime  he  visited  many European countries as an

envoy  of  Hawaii.  In  later  years   he was active in Territory

of Hawaii politics. 

 

    Henry Cooper,   1857-1929

Henry  Ernest  Cooper  became  a  Master  Mason in a Lodge in San

Diego,  California  in  1870.  He was Master of Hawaiian Lodge in

1894.   Cooper   organized   Pacific  Lodge  No.  822  under  the

Jurisdiction  of  the   Grand  Lodge of Scotland through the then

District  Grand  Lodge  of  Queensland,  Australia. Cooper served

as  its  firs  Master  in  1895  and again in 1896.  He served as

Deputy  of  the  Orient   of  Hawaii for the Scottish Rite Bodies

from 1896-1915.

     Henry  Cooper  was  a  close  associate  of Lorrin  Thurston

the  leading  advocate  of  deposing  Queen Liliuokalani and with

Thurston  was  active in establishing the Provisional Government,

the  Republic of Hawaii, and ultimately  the annexation of Hawaii

by  the  United  States. Cooper  held various key positions along

the  way   and  served  as  President  of the Hawaii Republic for

three months during the absence of  President Dole.

     Unfortunately,  in  the  current  atmosphere of  anti-anyone

who  was  actively  involved  in,  or  supported   replacing  the

Hawaiian  Monarchy  with  any  other   form  of government,  that

currently   prevails   among   certain  elements  of  the  Hawaii

population,   Henry   Ernest   Cooper  has  virtually   become  a

"Non-person"  or,  is  portrayed  along  with  Lorrin Thurston as

one  of  the  arch   villians  in Hawaiian history. To pursue the

interesting  career  of  Henry  Ernest  Cooper  any further would

immerse  us  into  the  realm  of  politics...so  for the purpose

of  this  paper  we'll  close  here with the knowledge that Henry

Ernest  Cooper  was  indeed  a  dedicated  Freemason  and  public

servant.

 

   Robert Wylie, 1798-1865

Robert  Crichton  Wylie  was  Minister of Foreign Affairs for the

Hawaiian  Kingdom  for  over  twenty  years.  Wylie never married

and  his  interest  and  support  of the Hawaiian Monarchy seemed

to  be  his  one  and  only  passion. He  was made a Master Mason

in  a  Lodge  in  Mazatlan, Mexico before he arrived   in Hawaii.

Wylie  frequently  visited  Lodge  Le  Progres  de  l'Oceanie and

Hawaiian Lodge.

 

                          Herbert G. Gardiner PGS,

                          Grand Historian

 

Honolulu, Hawaii

September 25, 2003

 

References

 

 

Le Progres de l'Oceanie                  Institute for Masonic

          1843                           Studies, Grand Lodge

The First Masonic Lodge in Hawaii        of California, In

     (Sandwich Islands)                  Cooperation with the

                                         Northern California

                                         Research Lodge. 2001

 

                                         Authors:   Jorge   Soto,

                                         Herbert G. Gardiner,

                                         Jacques Huyghebaert

 

History Makers of Hawaii                 A. Grove Day, Mutual

                                         Publishing,    Honolulu,

                                         Hawaii 1984

 

Grand Lodge of Hawaii                    Herbert G. Gardiner

                                         Grand  Lodge  of  Hawaii

                                         Honolulu 2003

 

Archives of Hawaiian Lodge               At Makiki Masonic Temple

& Lodge Le Progres de l'Oceanie          Various dates

 

Highlights, Lodge Maui History           Marty Alexander, Master

                                         Lodge Maui, May 2003